| | Introduction | 1 |
| 1 | The Birth of Political Economy | |
| | 1.1 | The End of the Middle Ages and the Beginnings of the Modern World | 16 |
| | 1.2 | Mercantilism | 23 |
| | 1.3 | Some Forerunners of Classical Political Economy | 34 |
| 2 | The Laissez-Faire Revolution and Smithian Economics | |
| | 2.1 | The Laissez-Faire Revolution | 43 |
| | 2.2 | Adam Smith | 54 |
| | 2.3 | The Smithian Orthodoxy | 65 |
| 3 | From Ricardo to Mill | |
| | 3.1 | Ricardo and Malthus | 72 |
| | 3.2 | The Disintegration of Classical Political Economy in the Age of Ricardo | 82 |
| | 3.3 | The Theories of Economic Harmony and Mill's Synthesis | 93 |
| | 3.4 | English Monetary Theories and Debates in the Age of Classical Economics | 104 |
| 4 | Socialist Economic Thought and Marx | |
| | 4.1 | From Utopia to Socialism | 119 |
| | 4.2 | Socialist Economic Theories | 124 |
| | 4.3 | Marx's Economic Theory | 128 |
| 5 | The Triumph of Utilitarianism and the Marginalist Revolution | |
| | 5.1 | The Marginalist Revolution | 145 |
| | 5.2 | William Stanley Jevons | 155 |
| | 5.3 | Leon Walras | 162 |
| | 5.4 | Carl Menger | 170 |
| 6 | The Construction of Neoclassical Orthodoxy | |
| | 6.1 | The Belle Epoque | 176 |
| | 6.2 | Marshall and the English neoclassical economists | 178 |
| | 6.3 | Neoclassical Theory in America | 189 |
| | 6.4 | Neoclassical Theory in Austria and Sweden | 194 |
| | 6.5 | Pareto and the Italian Neoclassical Economists | 203 |
| 7 | The Years of High Theory: I | |
| | 7.1 | Problems of Economic Dynamics | 212 |
| | 7.2 | John Maynard Keynes | 226 |
| | 7.3 | Michal Kalecki | 238 |
| | 7.4 | Joseph Alois Schumpeter | 243 |
| 8 | The Years of High Theory: II | |
| | 8.1 | The Theory of Market Forms | 248 |
| | 8.2 | The Theory of General Economic Equilibrium | 258 |
| | 8.3 | The New Welfare Economics | 269 |
| | 8.4 | The Debate on Economic Calculation under Socialism | 274 |
| | 8.5 | Alternative Approaches | 279 |
| 9 | Contemporary Economic Theory: I | |
| | 9.1 | From the Golden Age to Stagflation | 295 |
| | 9.2 | The Neoclassical Synthesis | 297 |
| | 9.3 | The Monetarist Counter-Revolution | 307 |
| | 9.4 | From disequilibrium to non-Walrasian equilibrium | 318 |
| | 9.5 | Post-Keynesian and New Keynesian Approaches | 323 |
| 10 | Contemporary Economic Theory: II | |
| | 10.1 | The Neo-Walrasian Approach to General Economic Equilibrium | 340 |
| | 10.2 | Developments in the New Welfare Economics and the Economic Theories of Justice | 355 |
| | 10.3 | The Controversy on Marginalism in the Theory of the Firm and Markets | 371 |
| 11 | Contemporary Economic Theory: III | |
| | 11.1 | The 'New Political Economy' and Related Contributions | 383 |
| | 11.2 | The Theory of Production as a Circular Process | 396 |
| | 11.3 | Radical Political Economy and Similar Approaches | 408 |
| | Index | 425 |