Problems of Chronology in Gandhāran Art: Proceedings of the First International Workshop of the Gandhāra Connections Project, University of Oxford, 23rd-24th March, 2017
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Since the beginning of Gandhāran studies in the
nineteenth century, chronology has been one of the most significant challenges
to the understanding of Gandhāran art. Many other ancient societies, including
those of Greece and Rome, have left a wealth of textual sources which have put
their fundamental chronological frameworks beyond doubt. In the absence of such
sources on a similar scale, even the historical eras cited on inscribed
Gandhāran works of art have been hard to place. Few sculptures have such
inscriptions and the majority lack any record of find-spot or even general
provenance. Those known to have been found at particular sites were sometimes
moved and reused in antiquity. Consequently, the provisional dates assigned to
extant Gandhāran sculptures have sometimes differed by centuries, while the
narrative of artistic development remains doubtful and inconsistent.
Building upon the most recent, cross-disciplinary research, debate and
excavation, this volume reinforces a new consensus about the chronology of
Gandhāra, bringing the history of Gandhāran art into sharper focus than ever.
By considering this tradition in its wider context, alongside contemporary
Indian art and subsequent developments in Central Asia, the authors also open
up fresh questions and problems which a new phase of research will need to
address.
Problems of Chronology in Gandhāran Art is the first publication of
the Gandhāra Connections project at the University of Oxford’s Classical Art
Research Centre, which has been supported by the Bagri Foundation and the Neil Kreitman
Foundation. It presents the proceedings of the first of three international
workshops on fundamental questions in the study of Gandhāran art, held at
Oxford in March 2017.
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