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Conservative liberalism is a more [[positive liberty|positive]] and less [[Political radicalism|radical]] version of [[classical liberalism]].<ref>R.T. Allen, ''Beyond Liberalism'', p. 2.</ref> The events such as [[World War I]] occurring after 1917 brought the more radical version of classical liberalism to a more conservative, or more moderate, type of liberalism.<ref>R.T. Allen, ''Beyond Liberalism'', p. 13.</ref>
Conservative liberalism is a more [[positive liberty|positive]] and less [[Political radicalism|radical]] version of [[classical liberalism]].<ref>R.T. Allen, ''Beyond Liberalism'', p. 2.</ref> The events such as [[World War I]] occurring after 1917 brought the more radical version of classical liberalism to a more conservative, or more moderate, type of liberalism.<ref>R.T. Allen, ''Beyond Liberalism'', p. 13.</ref>

== Ideology and issues ==

In comparison with [[classical liberalism|classical liberals]], conservative liberals offer an increased level of state intervention{{Citation needed|date=July 2009}} and they often identify as [[Law and order (politics)|law and order]]-parties, which are tougher on [[crime]] and support higher levels of [[punishment]] and are more committed to fighting [[terrorism]].
Conservative liberals differ from [[social liberalism|social liberals]] for some main reasons:
*Firstly, they are usually socially liberal on such social issues as [[same-sex marriage]], [[abortion]], [[secularism]], [[stem-cell research]], and [[euthanasia]] but may place less emphasis on them than do most social liberals.{{Citation needed|date=July 2008}}
*Secondly, they are mostly strong supporters of [[economic globalization]]. Most conservative liberals support the foreign policy of the [[United States]] and, in [[NATO]]-member states, support that political alliance{{Citation needed|date=April 2007}}.
*Thirdly, conservative liberals are often in favor of stricter punishment of [[illegal immigrants]] and are usually tolerant of [[multiculturalism]]. Conservative liberals often identify as [[Law and order (politics)|law and order]]-parties, which are tougher on [[crime]] and support higher levels of [[punishment]] and are more committed to fighting [[terrorism]], while social liberals tend to emphasize prevention and are more committed to [[civil rights]].

Excepting English-language usage, one should not confuse conservative liberalism with [[liberal conservatism]]; indeed, the latter is a variant of conservatism. In [[continental Europe]] those called Liberal conservatives tend to be more committed to authority, tradition and established religion, while conservative liberals are supporters of the [[separation between church and state]]. However some parties are seen as both conservative-liberal and liberal-conservative, such as the [[Liberal Party of Australia]].

Conservative liberalism differs from [[libertarianism]] in several ways. For example, it is far less radical in its economic program and it is supportive of an active defense policy and military interventions in contrast to the [[Libertarian perspectives on foreign intervention|libertarian non-interventionist policy]]. Some conservative liberals supported the American-led interventions in [[Iraq]] and [[Afghanistan]]{{Citation needed|date=October 2007}}. Also, conservative liberals are tough on crime and are more willing to sacrifice civil liberties to fight terrorism and crime.{{Citation needed|date=October 2007}}

In the [[United States]], conservative liberalism is often called [[moderate libertarianism]] or [[conservative libertarianism]].{{Citation needed|date=September 2008}}


== Historical development ==
== Historical development ==

Revision as of 21:47, 26 November 2009

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Conservative liberalism[1][2] is a variant of liberalism, combining liberal values and policies with conservative stances, or, more simply, representing the right-wing of the liberal movement.[3] The roots of it are to be found at the beginning of the history of liberalism: until the World Wars, in most European countries the political class was formed by conservative liberals, from Germany to Italy.

Conservative liberalism is a more positive and less radical version of classical liberalism.[4] The events such as World War I occurring after 1917 brought the more radical version of classical liberalism to a more conservative, or more moderate, type of liberalism.[5]

Historical development

Conservative liberal parties have tended to develop in those European countries where there was no strong secular conservative party and where the separation of church and state was less on issue. In those countries, where the conservative parties were christian-democratic, this conservative brand of liberalism developed.[1][3]

Conservative-liberal parties worldwide

Current conservative-liberal parties

Parties with conservative-liberal factions

Historical conservative-liberal parties or parties with conservative-liberal factions

References

  1. ^ a b c http://www.wikipolitique.fr/Libéralisme_conservateur
  2. ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.de/contents.html
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k M. Gallagher, M. Laver and P. Mair, Representative Government in Europe, p. 221.
  4. ^ R.T. Allen, Beyond Liberalism, p. 2.
  5. ^ R.T. Allen, Beyond Liberalism, p. 13.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i http://www.parties-and-elections.de/countries.html
  7. ^ R.B. Andeweg and G.A. Irwin, Government & Politics in the Netherlands, 2002, Palgrave, p. 48.

See also

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