Dopamine transporter SPECT imaging in Parkinson’s disease and parkinsonian disorders

Turk J Med Sci. 2021 Apr 30;51(2):400-410. doi: 10.3906/sag-2008-253.

Abstract

The dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging provides an objective tool for the assessment of dopaminergic function of presynaptic terminals which is valuable for the differential diagnosis of parkinsonian disorders related to a striatal dopaminergic deficiency from movement disorders not related a striatal dopaminergic deficiency. DAT imaging with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) can be used to confirm or exclude a diagnosis of dopamine deficient parkinsonism in cases where the diagnosis is unclear. It can also detect the dopaminergic dysfunction in presymptomatic subjects at risk for Parkinson’s disease (PD) since the reduced radiotracer binding to DATs in striatum is already present in the prodromal stage of PD. This review covers the rationale of using DAT SPECT imaging in the diagnosis of PD and other parkinsonian disorders, specifically focusing on the practical aspects of imaging and routine clinical indications.

Keywords: 123I-ioflupane; Dopamine transporter; SPECT; parkinsonian disorders; Parkinson’s disease; parkinsonian disorders.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Corpus Striatum / metabolism*
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Dopamine / deficiency*
  • Dopamine / metabolism
  • Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / metabolism*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Movement Disorders / diagnosis*
  • Movement Disorders / diagnostic imaging
  • Movement Disorders / metabolism
  • Parkinson Disease / diagnosis*
  • Parkinson Disease / diagnostic imaging
  • Parkinson Disease / metabolism
  • Parkinsonian Disorders / diagnosis
  • Parkinsonian Disorders / diagnostic imaging
  • Parkinsonian Disorders / metabolism
  • Prodromal Symptoms
  • Protein Binding
  • Radioisotopes
  • Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon / methods*

Substances

  • Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
  • Radioisotopes
  • Dopamine