... unit of selection . If , on the other hand , the unit of selection must be the object that " directly " interacts with the environment , then neither genes nor gene complexes can be units of selection when they lever themselves into the ...

... unit of selection, and therefore of selfinterest, is not the species, nor the group, nor even strictly, the individual. It is the gene, the unit of heredity.” Dawkins referred to this unit of self-interest as the replicator, or enduring ...

... Unit of selection ' generally refers to a functional meaning , be it interactor , manifestor / type - 1 or agent , replicator / reproducer / reconstitutor , which can apply across different levels of the biological hierarchy . ' Level ...

... unit of selection. In the proposed model, the degree of complexity of the information content has been linked to the dimensionality. Therefore, the definition of the unit of selection must be some type of topological unit. Secondly, the ...

... unit of selection, namely that genes are 'replicators'. Though entities at other hierarchical levels can reproduce, hence form parent–offspring lineages, the fidelity of reproduction is typically lower than that of DNA replication. This ...

... unit of selection. Given this distinction between unit of access and unit of selection, the literature reveals two types of findings that have often been conflated with the term object-based attention. In the first type, the term unit ...

... unit of selection . Rather , he thinks that it is the result of such multiple causal factors in constructing organisms ( and their parts ) that leads to the conclusion that individual organisms ( not even their parts ) are the units of ...

... unit of selection , then the selection process " benefits " that level of entity through producing adaptations at that level ( G. C. Williams , 1966 ; Maynard Smith , 1976b ; Eldredge , 1985 ; Vrba , 1984 ) . This is a distinct question ...

... unit of selection " is inherently ambiguous . Sometimes it means those entities which differentially replicate themselves , sometimes those which interact with their environments in ways which are responsible for this replica- tion ...

... unit of selection in the evolution of T. And when selection among the groups within a meta-population affects the evolution of trait T, the group is a unit of selection in the evolution of T. In each case, selection at a level exists ...