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The 2010s has been a fruitful decade for academia. After the investments in higher education since 2003, the expansion of federal universities, and the increase of fundings helped the human sciences as a whole. This chapter investigates... more
The 2010s has been a fruitful decade for academia. After the investments in higher education since 2003, the expansion of federal universities, and the increase of fundings helped the human sciences as a whole. This chapter investigates quantitative data on the current scenario of sociology in Brazil. It shows statistics on the academic production, the departments, the graduate programs, and the sociologists who work in universities. It also provides an historical overview of the most researched topics within Brazilian sociology.
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The military coup of 1964 installed a dictatorship that lasted more than 20 years and completely changed the interests of Social Sciences and its courses. In 1968, universities’ professors and students submitted to the Congress an ante... more
The military coup of 1964 installed a dictatorship that lasted more than 20 years and completely changed the interests of Social Sciences and its courses. In 1968, universities’ professors and students submitted to the Congress an ante project to reform the cathedratic system. The cobbled project disembogued a law that created new departments, new faculty arrangements and guaranteed lifetime positions for all professors. In 1968, the dictatorship became more violent, and many sociologists and professors were bulk purged. They handled the situation by finding new ways to keep Social Sciences active. Brazilian and foreign funding agencies guaranteed the creation of independent research institutes and individual grants. Other exiled sociologists integrated studies on Latin America issues outside the country.
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After the defeat of the Paulista revolution, the bourgeois elites of the state of Sao Paulo set out to create proper institutionalized spaces for training future leaders and bureaucrats. The social sciences were the chosen way.... more
After the defeat of the Paulista revolution, the bourgeois elites of the state of Sao Paulo set out to create proper institutionalized spaces for training future leaders and bureaucrats. The social sciences were the chosen way. Prestigious foreign professors were hired from the United States and Europe to help in this endeavor. They brought with them different sociological traditions which marked the new institutions where they taught and researched. Followers of the Chicago School, the North American sociologists settled down in the Free School of Sociology and Political Sciences of Sao Paulo, while French social scientists with their structural-functionalism tradition came to the University of Sao Paulo. This period marks the official inception of the history of sociology in Brazil.
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Interpretation of the Brazilian reality is much older than the institutionalization of sociology. Since the end of the nineteenth century, the self-taught, dilettantes, and intellectuals from other disciplines have been publishing their... more
Interpretation of the Brazilian reality is much older than the institutionalization of sociology. Since the end of the nineteenth century, the self-taught, dilettantes, and intellectuals from other disciplines have been publishing their views on contextual topics, such as the formation of the nation-state, identity, and racial miscegenation. This “social imagination” thought critically about the Brazilian reality. Proto-scientific writings appeared under the influence of both culturalism and positivism. The culturalist approach influenced further works and established a tradition called Essayism, which creatively combined literature, history, and sociology, whereas positivism waned in importance across the decades. These first “social imagineers” envisioned many of the issues further worked on by sociology in Brazil.
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O objetivo deste artigo é discutir o conceito de intelectualismo (e outras noções derivadas) no corpus textual de Max Weber relativo aos escritos de religião a fim de pavimentar um caminho para bases de uma teoria sociológica do... more
O objetivo deste artigo é discutir o conceito de intelectualismo (e outras noções derivadas) no corpus textual de Max Weber relativo aos escritos de religião a fim de pavimentar um caminho para bases de uma teoria sociológica do conhecimento, partindo da hipótese de que o processo de intelectualização seria o único fenômeno que envolveria, como um todo, os problemas epistemológicos e suas possíveis soluções. Para fins analíticos, intelectualismo é um complexo sistemático de elementos que formam um conjunto, e por isso o artigo se dedica à definição dos mesmos. Pelo exame do intelectualismo, chegamos a três caminhos diferentes que endereçam parte do complexo de problemas relativos ao conhecimento: a.) os problemas epistemológicos (de uma Erkenntnistheorie) mais centrais surgem quando tentamos definir o que é a magia, qual a sua relação com o mundo e qual a sua relação com o intelectualismo; b.) a forma da existência real do conhecimento e sua mudança estão na relação entre objetivaç...
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Nota: O texto se trata de uma tradução cuja versão original não possui resumo.
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After two decades of being under attack, Brazilian Social Sciences began to construct new paths of development. Foremost among these is a long legislative battle to reinsert Sociology into school curricula, which had became uncritical and... more
After two decades of being under attack, Brazilian Social Sciences began to construct new paths of development. Foremost among these is a long legislative battle to reinsert Sociology into school curricula, which had became uncritical and conservative during the dictatorship. In academia, Sociology envisioned new paths and topics of work not related to the authoritarian reality. The density of new topics really meant a new shift in the discipline. Thus, this chapter compares the sociological topics researched in the 1980s and then in the 1990s in terms of its theoretical references and its objects.
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The first generation of sociologists trained in a Brazilian social sciences course assumed academic positions and started their own research programs in the 1950s. At the heart of the scientific agenda were topics like national identity,... more
The first generation of sociologists trained in a Brazilian social sciences course assumed academic positions and started their own research programs in the 1950s. At the heart of the scientific agenda were topics like national identity, the racial question, and economic development. Among other sociologists of that generation, Florestan Fernandes established sociology as a genuine scientific discipline. In doing this, he opposed both the previous tradition of essayism and the political uses of sociological research mainly promoted by Guerreiro Ramos in Rio de Janeiro. During this period, Florestan started the Sao Paulo School of Sociology, as it is known today.